Potent sigma-1 receptor ligand 4-phenyl-1-(4-phenylbutyl)piperidine provides ischemic neuroprotection without altering dopamine accumulation in vivo in rats.

Anesth Analg 96, 532-538, (2003). Goyagi, T., Bhardwaj, A., Koehler, R. C., Traystman, R. J., Hurn, P. D., & Kirsch, J. R. View abstract in PubMed